Almost every third person creates nail fungus on the feet. The disease is called onychomycosis and causes layering and crumbling of the nail plate. In onychomycosis can occur at any age and require timely and competent treatment under expert guidance.
What is onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis - fungal defeat of the nail plate. The disease can be caused by a fungus-the dermatophytes or with microsporia. Mushrooms have a negative effect on the foundation of the nails – keratin and gradually eat it, to arouse the deformation changes.
There are the following types of onychomycosis:
- Normotroficheskie. Change the color of the nail, appearance of stripes and spots.
- Hypertrophic. Occurs not only change color, but also easy to deformation. Most often deformed nails with edges.
- Onicholocheskiy. The nail is destroyed, it atrophies and refused.
Fungal defeat can cause deformation of the nail at the free edge, along the sides and in the area of the rear roller. With the development of the disease process affects the whole of the nail plate.
Reasons
Fungus on the toenails will appear not only due to lowered immunity. About 70% of the people who are infected from the sick person, and most of them is relative. The smallest flakes of the skin of feet they get on the home, and contact with healthy tissue of the nail or the skin, to infect a healthy person.
The most common infection occurs through:
- Washcloths.
- Mushrooms.
- Towels.
- Mats.
- Shoes.
- Manicure needs.
When visiting the beach, sauna and steam room without Slippers there is a high risk of contracting the fungus feet. At elevated humidity and temperature of infection occurs much more frequently.
Especially attentive must be in public places where people walk barefoot. Fungi are resistant to both low and high temperatures and in the sand of the beach retain their viability for several months.
The slightest puncture Wound and abrasion on the leg in contact with infected objects can cause onychomycosis. It's not worth it to continue wearing the shoes for others, even when the external manifestations of mold in them was not found. They can be carriers of pathogenic microflora, and a strong immunity to disease does not show.
Symptoms
In the initial stage, the fungus on the feet is manifested by dryness and peeling. At this time one can observe the visual changes to the nail plate, but its plagued by itching and a burning sensation in the fingers. Gradually increases sweating, in rare cases, arise bubbles and corns. How the introduction of the fungus on the nails starts to change its color, become brittle and cracked.
Nails under the microscope contains a mixture of and void. Feet start stinking, and total symptoms intensify.
In severe cases, increases body temperature and creates a significant painful, which gives the move normally. How it looks like nail fungus on the feet, and what changes are to a large extent depends on its type and strength of immunity of the person.
The fungi dermatophytes are showing yellow nymi stripes, yeast - cause flaking of the nail plate and its yellowing. Forms of the fungus – the reason for the superficial lesions of the nail plate, which can become yellow, brown, blue, or green colors.
Description of the disease in different species of fungi vary, but have common symptoms.
To them belongs:
- Change the color of the nail plate.
- Itching and burning of the skin of the fingers on the leg.
- Stripes and spots under the nails.
- Crumbling and destruction of the nail at the sides.
- Redness of the skin around the nails.
- Hyperkeratosis (thickening of the nail).
Begins disease with lesions of the nail of the little finger or toes, after which will become the injection of all the boards. Arises actinic sponge, it is sealed and is falling apart. Mycosis usually affecting people mature and advanced age, but in children are observed very rarely.
Treatment deals with a doctor or dermatologist mycologist. For an accurate diagnosis is not enough visual inspection, it is necessary to perform laboratory studies. For this small part of the nail is sent for microscopic examination. Upon detection of mold, determine its appearance by sowing on a fertile.
Despite the fact that most of the diseases of the nail plates in adult people – it is a fungus, there are a number of diseases with similar symptoms. The defeat of the nail fungus can cause similar symptoms but requires different treatment. It panaricii, or a sharp purulent inflammation of the fingers, requiring surgical treatment.
Than to treat nail fungus?
It's not worth it to hope that the fungus will be held themselves. The longer a person suffers from this disease, the harder it will be for more treatment.
The length of treatment and selection of drugs depends on:
- The stage of the disease.
- The degree of damage to the nail.
- The clinical forms of the disease.
The initial stage of nail fungus and the soles of the feet require the use of local drugs, which can be in the form of:
- Solutions.
- Ointment from the mold.
- Creams.
- Varnishes.
Apply the medication for external use it is appropriate after keratolytic processing of the nail plate.
Before each surgery is the application of the drug is necessary:
- Make soap-soda bath. In a small bath add a tablespoon of soda and salt and 50 g of homemade soap. Keep the soles of your feet in the solution for about 15 minutes.
- Handle damaged nails. Using a special nail file the top layer of the nail to undermine, to is used the drug is better absorbed.
- Cause drugs. The product is applied to dry, clean nails on the feet and the skin around them.
When applying solutions, ointments and creams product is applied 2-3 times a day, varnish – 2 times a week. The course of treatment determined by the doctor depending on the existing damage.
If the nail plates completely amazed and the local drugs have no positive impact, it is recommended to combine with the system antimicotica.
Systemic drugs have a large list of contraindications and should be determined by the attending physician. Most of them is prohibited from taking, in the period of pregnancy and lactation, in childhood and in chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys.
In severe cases, the under-nail fungus may require removal of the nail plate. Procedure can be performed both surgically and using a keratolytic, which contain lactic acid and urea.
The removal of the affected nail keratolytic repair stands out for its convenience. After steaming foot patch gently spread on the affected can of the natural nail plate and sealed plaster. Over the several days the patch peeled off, cut the affected boards, put one of the anti-fungal medication. The procedure done several times.
During treatment, it is important to rule out the risk of re-self-infection. For all of the shoes treated with a special disinfectant solution. From socks, which they had before starting treatment, it is better to get rid of. Further every month they spend re-processing of footwear and clothes. If you refrain from this procedure, and through short time the fungus can occur again.
Symptoms and treatment of mold is completely individual, and at the first sign of this disease need to consult with your doctor. Only he will be able to give an accurate diagnosis and to pick up effective medication. In the opposite case, the fungus begins to spread to other nails and completely destroy them.